تاثیر سطوح مختلف محدودیت خوراکی در ابتدا و انتهای دوره پرورشی بر عملکرد اقتصادی و شاخص آسیت در جوجه‌های گوشتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

زمینه مطالعاتی: بررسی محدودیت شدید خوراکی دراثر کمبود ویا شرایط نوسانات قیمتی نهاده‌های خوراکی که می‌تواند تاثیر منفی بر رشد و بازده اقتصادی گله‌ گوشتی داشته باشد. هدف: این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثر شدت محدودیت خوراکی در ابتدا و انتهای دوره پرورش جوجه­های گوشتی بر عملکرد و شاخص آسیت انجام شده است. روش کار: تعداد 1000 قطعه جوجه یکروزه سویه راس مخلوط نر و ماده در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی به 8 گروه آزمایشی با 5 تکرار تقسیم شدند. گروه­های آزمایشی عبارت بودند از: 1) گروه شاهد با جیره آزاد و کامل، 2) گروه 8 ساعت محدودیت خوراک روزانه از 9 تا 24 روزگی، 3) گروه 16 ساعت محدودیت از 9 تا 21 روزگی، 4) گروه 24 ساعت محدودیت (بصورت یک روز درمیان)  از 9 تا 18 روزگی و سایر گروه­های آزمایشی: 5) گروه10درصد محدودیت، 6) گروه 20 درصد محدودیت، 7) گروه 30 درصد محدودیت و 8) گروه 40 درصد محدودیت (از 22 تا 35 روزگی). نتایج: بررسی­های آماری نشان داد که گروه­های دارای محدودیت خوراک 16 و 24 ساعت، در هفته سوم دارای مصرف خوراک و وزن بدن کمتر نسبت به گروه شاهد بوده­اند (05/0>P) و مصرف خوراک و وزن بدن در گروههای 20، 30 و 40 درصد محدودیت در هفته چهارم نسبت به شاهد پایین­تر بود (05/0>P)، اما وزن این گروهها در هفته پنجم تفاوتی با گروه شاهد نداشت (05/0<P). در طول پرورش پایین­ترین مصرف خوراک درگروه 24 ساعت محدودیت مشاهده شد (05/0>P)؛ در حالیکه گروه 24 ساعت شاخص بازده تولید بالاتری داشت، اما تفاوت معنی­داری بین گروه­های آزمایشی، در رشد و وزن بدن، ضریب تبدیل خوراکی و شاخص بازده اروپایی مشاهده نشد (05/0<P)؛ در انتهای دوره پرورش، هیچگونه تفاوت معنی­داری بین گروههای آزمایشی در هماتوکریت و شاخص آسیت دیده نشد (05/0<P). تفاوت معنی‌داری بین گروههای آزمایشی درغلظت آنزیم کبدی لاکتات دهیدروژناز مشاهده نشد. نتیجه‌گیری نهایی: بنظر می­رسد با توجه به مصرف خوراک پایین­تر و رشد جبرانی صورت پذیرفته و نیز شاخص اروپایی، گروه محدودیت 24 ساعت دارای عملکرد بهتری نسبت به سایر گروههای آزمایشی بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different levels of early and late feed restrictions on commercial performance and ascites index in broiler chickens

نویسندگان [English]

  • A Karimi
  • Z Nemati
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