Effect of microwave irradiation on ruminal-intestinal disappearance of dry matter and crude protein of safflower seed by in situ and mobile nylon bag techniques

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

BACKGROUND:Based on studies, safflower seeds contain highest levels of linoleic acid among other oilseeds and are produced in certain regions of Iran, it can be used in ruminant nutrition. OBJECTIVES:In this study the effect of microwave irradiation (800 W for 3 min) of safflower seeds on ruminal and intestinal disappearance of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) were determined using in situ and mobile nylon bag techniques. METHODS:For in situ technique two wethers fitted with ruminal cannulas were used. For determination of intestinal disappearance of DM and CP mobile nylon bag technique was used. For this technique one intestinally cannulated Holstein steer was used. RESULTS:Microwave irradiation reduced ruminal disappearance of DM (P<0.05) and CP (numerically). Intestinal disappearance of DM and CP for raw and microwave irradiated safflower seed were 31.4 and 32.2 (for DM) and 28.2 and 31.1 percent (for CP), respectively. Results showed that microwave irradiation increased intestinal disappearance of DM and CP (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Microwave irradiation of whole safflower seed reduced ruminal degradation DM and CP and this is useful in ruminant nutrition. Also, microwave irradiation of whole safflower seed increased small intestinal disappearance of DM and CP. Treated by microwave irradiation was effective methods of changing the site of digestion of DM and CP from rumen to small intestine and therefore the amount of digestible undegraded DM and CP in the small intestine can be increased.

References

امینی­پور ح، سلامت دوست نوبر ر، ماهری سیس ن، نجف­­یار س و سلامت آذر م. 1389. تعیین  تجزیه‌پذیری دانه کامل گلرنگ رقم IL- 111 با روش کیسه­های نایلونی. فصلنامه تخصصی علوم دامی. جلد 3، شماره ی 3 : صفحه­های 43 تا50.
فتحی نسری م  ح، دانش مسگران م، ولی زاده ر، نیکخواه ع، امامی م ر و هروی موسوی ع ر. 1385. اثر حرارت دادن بر ترکیب شیمیایی، بخش­های نیتروژن، ضرایب تجزیه­پذیری و ناپدید شدن شکمبه­ای-روده­ای ماده خشک و پروتئین خام دو واریته دانه کامل سویا. مجله علمی-پژوهشی علوم و صنایع کشاورزی، جلد 20، شماره 1. صفحه­های 23 تا 35.
فروزان  ک. 1378.  گلرنگ. انتشارات شرکت سهامی توسعه کشت دانه­های روغنی.
Aldrich CG, Merchen NR, Nelson DR and Barmore JA. 1995. The effects of roasting temperature applied to whole soybeans on site of digestion by steers: II. Protein and amino acid digestion. Journal of Animal Science 73: 2131-2140.
Aldrich CG, Ingram S and Coldfelter JR. 1997. Assessment of postruminal amino acid digestibility of roasted and extruded whole soybeans with the precision-fed rooster assay. Journal of Animal Science 75: 3046–3051.
De Boer G, Murphy JJ and Kennelly JJ. 1987. Mobile Nylon Bag for Estimating Intestinal Availability of Rumen Undegradable Protein. Journal of Dairy Science 70: 977-982.
Fathi Nasri MH, France J, Danesh Mesgaran M and Kebreab E. 2008. Effect of heat processing on ruminal degradability and intestinal disappearance of nitrogen and amino acids in Iranian whole soybean. Livestock Science 113: 43–51.
Fathi Nasri MH, Danesh Mesgaran M, Kebreab E and France J. 2007. Past peak lactational performance of Iranian Holstein cows fed raw or roasted whole soybeanss. Journal of Animal Science 80: 191–239
Grummer RR and Clark JH. 1980. Effect of nitrogen solubility on milk yield, milk composition and ruminal degradation of protein. Journal of Dairy Science. 63 (Suppl.1):139. (Abstr.)
Habiba RA. 2002. Change in anti-nutrients,protein solubility,digestibility,and HCL extractability of ash and phosphorus in vegetable peas as affected by cooking methods. Food chemistry 77: 187-192.
Paya H, Taghizadeh A, Janmohammadi H, Moghaddam GA, Hossein Khani A and Alijani S. 2014. Effects of microwave irradiation on in vitro ruminal fermentation and ruminal and post-ruminal disappearance of safflower seed. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 5: 349-356
McAllister TA, Cheng KJ, Beauchemin KR, Bailey DRC, Pickard MD and Gilbert RP. 1993. Use of lignosulfonate to decrease the rumen degradability of canola meal protein. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 73: 211–215.
McKinnon JJ, Olubobokun JA, Christensen DA, Cohen RDH. 1991. The influence of heat and chemical treatment on ruminal disappearance of canola meal. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 71: 773–780.
McKinnon JJ, Olubobokun AA, Mustafa A, Cohen RDH and Christensen DA. 1995. Influence of dry heat treatment of canola meal on site and extent of nutrient disappearance in ruminants. Animal Feed Science and Technology 56: 243–252.
Mermelstein NH. 1997. How food technology covered microwaves over the years. Food Technol 51: 82–84.
Moshtaghi Nia SA and Ingalls JR. 1995. Evaluation of moist heat treatment of canola meal on digestion in the rumen, small intestine, large intestine and total digestive tract of steers. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 75: 279–283.
National Research Council. 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 7th revised ed. National Academy of press, Washington, DC.
National Research Council. 1985. Nutrient requirements of sheep. The National Academies Press, Washington DC, USA.
Pena F, Tagari H and Satter LD. 1986. The Effect of Heat Treatment of Whole Cottonseed on Site and Extent of Protein Digestion in Dairy Cows. Journal of Animal Science 62: 1423-1433.
Perrier R, Michalet-Doreau B, Bauchart D and Doreau M. 1992. Assessment of an in-situ technique to estimate the degradation of lipids in the rumen. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 59: 449–455.
Plegge SD, Berger LL and Fahey GC. 1985. Effect of Roasting Temperature on the Proportion of Soybean Meal Nitrogen Escaping Degradation in the Rumen. Journal of Animal Science 61:1211-1218.
Taghizadeh A, Danesh mesgaran M, Eftekhar-Shahroodi F and Stanford K. 2005. Digestion of feed amino acids in rumen and intestine of steers measured using a mobile nylon bag technique. Journal of Dairy Science 88: 1714-1807.
Wang Y, McAllister TA, Zobell DR, Pickard MD, Rode LM, Mir Z and Cheng KJ. 1997. The effect of micronization of full-fat canola seed on digestion in the rumen and total tract of dairy cows. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 77: 431-440.
Zhao S, Xiong S, Qiu C, Xu Y. 2007. Effect ofmicrowaves on rice quality. Journal of Stored Products Research 43: 496–502.
Animal Science Research
Volume 26, Issue 2
September 2016
Pages 123-132

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 10 September 2016
  • Accept Date: 10 September 2016

Share

How to cite

Statistics