Effects of replacement Soybean meal with crud, extruded and roasted full-‎fat soybean on blood metabolites, carcass characteristic, pattern of carcass ‎fatty acids of Afshari male lambs ‎

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor‏ ‏‎., Dept. of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University ‎of, Iran ‎

2 Faculty of Agriculture, Zanjan University of, Iran ‎

3 Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University of, Iran ‎

4 Faculty of Agriculture, Tabriz University of, Iran

10.22034/as.2022.31400.1476

Abstract

Abstract ‎
Introduction: Full fat soybean is commonly used in the diet of ruminant‏ ‏nutrition to meet energy ‎and protein requirements. To eliminate the anti-nutritional substances and increasing bypass ‎protein, soybean seeds are processed, and heat is the most common way used to processing ‎soybeans. Due to the heating of soybeans, unsaturated fatty acids produced by high oxidation, ‎which ultimately bind to amine groups of amino acids, are affected by their release in the rumen. ‎As a result, in addition to not having a negative effect on rumen fermentation, the entry of ‎unsaturated fatty acids into the small intestine can save it in the tissues, thus increasing the ‎amount of fatty acids that are useful for human nutrition. The main objectives of this research ‎were the estimate the effect of dietary replacement of crud, extruded and rousted full-fat ‎soybean with soybean meal on Blood metabolites, Carcass characteristic and Pattern of Carcass ‎fatty acids in Afshari male lambs. ‎
Material and methods: Diets were randomly‎‏ ‏assigned to 7 groups of 6 lambs each in a ‎completely‏ ‏randomized design. Animals received the diets,‎‏ ‏as a total mixed ration, twice daily (at ‎‎08:00 and 16:00‎‏ ‏h) to ensure 10% orts and had free access to fresh water. Fifty-two male Afshari ‎lambs with average BW of 30 ± 2 kg and 3-4 Mo of age were used for this study. Animals were ‎housed in individual pens (1.8 by 1 m) and allowed an adaptation period of 14 d and a data ‎collection period of 60 d. Experimental diets with equal ME and CP concentrations and a forage ‎to-concentrate ratio of 30 to 70 were formulated: Treatment 1: contains 15 percent of soybean ‎meal, treatment 2: Replace of 7.5 percent soybean meal with crud full fat soybean, Treatment 3: ‎Replace of 15 percent soybean meal with crud full fat soybean, treatment 4: Replace of 7.5 ‎percent of soybean meal with extruded full fat soybean, Treatment 5: Replace of 15 percent ‎soybean meal with extruded full fat soybean, Treatment 6: Replace of 7.5 percent soybean meal ‎with roasted full fat soybean, Treatment 7: Replace of 15 percent soybean meal with roasted full ‎fat soybean. Blood samples were collected from all animals on d 20, 40 and 60 of the data ‎collection period. Approximately 10 mL of blood was collected by evacuated heparinized tubes ‎and centrifuged (3000 rpm for 15 min), and plasma was stored at –20°C until analysis. The ‎concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, urea N, total protein, albumin, AST, ALT ‎and CK were measured by a spectrophotometer. Muscle thickness, loin muscle area and back fat ‎thickness, between 12th and 13th ribs were measured on d 20, 40 and 60 by ultrasound. At the ‎end of the experiment, three animals per treatment were slaughtered according to Halal method. ‎Hot-carcass weight and non-carcass components were weighed at slaughter day. After 24 h of ‎cooling at 4◦C, cold carcass weight was determined and carcass components were weighed. ‎About 50 g of the LD muscle between 12th to 13th ribs were taken for determination of fatty ‎acid profiles. ‎
‎ Results: The dietary substitution of soybean Meal with crud, extruded and roasted full-fat ‎soybean had no effects on glucose, triglyceride, protein, albumin and globulin concentration but ‎cholesterol and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were effected by experimental diets (P ‎‎<0.01). Feeding lambs on diets containing crud, extruded and roasted full-fat soybean instead of ‎soybean Meal had no effects on Ultrasound measurements of back fat thickness, muscle ‎thickness and loin muscle area. Carcass and non-carcass components were not affected by the ‎dietary treatment. Dietary treatments were not effected on short chain and long chain fatty acids. ‎The use of soybean meal significantly increased palmitic acid in comparison with the15% ‎extruded and rousted full fat soybean (P<0.05). Stearic acid concentration was higher for lambs ‎fed the 15% crude full fat soybean compared to the soybean meal‏ ‏‎(P<0.05). Replacing extruded ‎and roasted full-fat soybean increased poly on saturated fatty acids (p<0.01) and conjugated ‎linoleic acid‏ ‏‎(p<0.1). ‎
Conclusions: It is concluded that extruded and roasted full-fat soybean can‏ ‏be fed to fattening ‎Afshari lambs as a total replacement‏ ‏‎(15 percent of diet DM) for soybean meal without negative‏ ‏effects on carcass components, improved blood parameters, reduced saturated fatty acids and ‎increased conjugated linoleic acid, poly unsaturated fatty acids and useful fatty acids of meat in ‎Afshari lambs. ‎

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Main Subjects

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Animal Science Research
Volume 34, Issue 2
October 2024
Pages 1-17

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  • Receive Date: 08 January 2019
  • Accept Date: 09 February 2022

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