اهمیت اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط بر آنالیز ژنتیکی میزان تولید شیر درگاوهای هلشتاین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

بخش مهندسی علوم دامی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

زمینه مطالعاتی: برای افزایش دقت برآورد پارامتر‌های ژنتیکی صفات،  انتخاب مدل مناسب برای آنالیز ژنتیکی آنها مهم می‌با‌‌‌شد. هدف: این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اهمیت اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط بر تجزیه ژنتیکی میزان تولید شیر گاوهای هلشتاین انجام گردید. روش کار: در این مطالعه از 90315 رکورد تولید شیر اولین دوره شیردهی این گاوهای شیری استفاده شد. این داده­ها طی سال­های ۱۳۷5تا ۱۳87 توسط مرکز اصلاح نژاد دام و بهبود تولیدات دامی کشور جمع آوری شده­اند که مربوط به 19 استان مختلف، 188 گله، 145 پدر و 72857 مادر می‌باشند. داده­های این تحقیق با استفاده از روش اثر متقابل و در قالب مدل حیوانی آنالیز شدند. نتایج: در این تحقیق اثرات متقابل پدر و استان، پدر و گله، پدر و سال تولد و پدر و سال زایش بر آنالیز ژنتیکی صفت تولید شیر معنی­دار بود (P<0.05). البته در مقایسه با سایر اثرات متقابل، اثرمتقابل پدر و گله بر آنالیز ژنتیکی میزان تولید شیر بیشتر بود. همچنین مقادیر یکسانی برای وراثت پذیری تولید شیر دو بار دوشش (۰۱/۰±۲8/۰) و وزن معادل بلوغ  (۰۱/۰±۲7/۰) در زمان لحاظ و عدم لحاظ اثر متقابل پدر و گله در مدل برآورد شد چون لحاظ کردن اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط در مدل موجب کاهش هر دو واریانس ژنتیکی افزایشی و خطای آزمایش بطور مشابه گردید. همبستگی بین ارزش اصلاحی گاوهای نر برآورد شده توسط مدل داری اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط و مدل فاقد اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط ٩٩/۰ محاسبه گردید. نتیجه­گیری نهایی: نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد لحاظ کردن اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط در زمانی که گله، استان، سال تولد و یا سال زایش برای تعریف محیط استفاده می‌شوند در ارزیابی ژنتیکی گاوهای نر برای میزان تولید شیر اثر مهمی ندارد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The importance of genotype by environment interaction in genetic analysis of milk yield in Holstein cows

نویسندگان [English]

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  • M A
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